What type of drugs are barbiturates classified as?

Barbiturates are classified as depressants, which means they are substances that lower the level of activity in the central nervous system. They work by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which leads to a calming effect on the brain. This classification is crucial in understanding their medical uses, such as in treating anxiety, insomnia, and seizure disorders, as well as their potential for abuse and dependence due to their sedative properties.

The other classifications do not apply to barbiturates. Stimulants, for example, increase neural activity and energy levels, which is the opposite of what barbiturates do. Psychedelics alter perception and mood but do not have the depressant effects. Analgesics, typically used to relieve pain, also function differently than barbiturates. Understanding the classification of barbiturates helps in recognizing their pharmacological effects and the risks associated with their use.