What does the term "polymerization" refer to in dental practice?

In dental practice, "polymerization" refers specifically to the process of setting or curing materials, particularly resins and composites. This process involves the transformation of a monomer (a single molecule) into a polymer (a complex structure made up of many monomers), typically through chemical reactions that can be initiated by heat, light, or chemical catalysts.

Once polymerization occurs, it results in a hardened material that provides the necessary strength and durability required in dental restorations, such as fillings, crowns, and orthodontic devices. This curing process is crucial for ensuring that the dental material adheres properly to the tooth structure and achieves the desired mechanical properties for long-term performance in the oral environment.