What condition is characterized by thick, white, raised patches in the mouth?

The condition characterized by thick, white, raised patches in the mouth is indeed referred to as candidiasis, which is often specifically known as thrush when it affects the oral cavity. Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of the Candida species, most commonly Candida albicans.

In the mouth, these patches can appear on the tongue, inner cheeks, gums, and palate. The appearance of these raised white lesions, which may also be painful, is a hallmark of this condition. Patients might experience discomfort or difficulty swallowing due to these patches.

Both candidiasis and thrush describe the same phenomenon, with "thrush" commonly used in clinical settings to describe oral candidiasis specifically. This is why the correct choice encompasses both terms. By recognizing the connection between the general term (candidiasis) and its specific manifestation in the mouth (thrush), one can better understand the underlying condition and its implications for oral health.